Fig. 4

The extent of divergence across different molecular levels. We examined the relative strength of ecotype divergence in gene expression, alternative splicing, miRNA expression, and DNA methylation in (a) brain and (b) liver, summarized by the effect size (partial eta, η²) of ecotype. Width indicates the pooled distribution density of the effect size of ecotype in a given molecular level. Embedded box plots summarize variation in the effect size of ecotype in a given molecular level. The line indicates the median, the box defines the interquartile range, and the whiskers represent the maximum and minimum values of the effect size of ecotype. Significance levels are estimated by the pairwise Wilcoxon rank sum tests with Benjamini–Hochberg correction: ****, p < 0.0001; NS, represents non-significance